Fuels

TPS Sensor

Cold – AC Volt 0.3mv

Crank – AV Volt 0.3mv

Idle – AC Volt 0.4mv

Rev – AC Volt 5.6 mv

Tps sensor measures the throttle position in an internal combustion chamber. We did some tests to found out how much mv was putting out. When it is cold it was putting out 0.3mv (av) when we cranked the engine it was still putting out 0.3mv when the engine was idling at a normal temperature it was 0.4mv when we rev the engine it was at the  highest volt 5.6mv. All the reading will be sent to the ecu and the ecu process it and it will adjust the engine and the fuel injection timing.

Knock Sensor

Cold – 0.277 HZ

Crank – 6.35 HZ

Idle – 5.55 HZ

Rev – 12.7 HZ

Knock sensor is listing device which is located by the intake manifold. We did some test to find out to see how the frequency differs in different scenarios when the engine was cold it was 0.277HZ and when we cranked the engine it was 6.35 HZ and when the engine was idling at a normal temperature it was 5.55 HZ and when we rev the engine it was at its highest 12.7 Hz. All this information is sent to the ecu and ecu process it and it adjust the engine timing. The engine knocking is also known as pining.

Closed loop fuel control

The closed loop fuel system determines how hc, co and nox leaves the tail pipe. The closed loop system works during normal idle and cruise operations and makes adjustments to the fuel injection based on the signals from the oxygen system.

During closed loop operation the air / fuel mixture is 14:7 to 1 air/fuel ratio (stoichiometry).